A LOOK AT THE BOOK

JOHN


Ralph Porter

© 2003

AUTHOR AND DATE


    External and internal evidence combine in support of John the apostle as author.


    The date is considered by most commentators to have been well after the synoptic

         gospels.

              John left Jerusalem during the revolt against Rome and arrived in Ephesus about A.D.

                   69-70.

              It has been reported that he wrote the gospel while there.

              It was probably written long enough after the destruction of Jerusalem that it was no

                   longer considered a major issue.

              The date is thus assumed to be about A.D. 85-90.



HISTORICAL BACKGROUND


    Little is known about the circumstances leading to the writing of the gospel.

         Clement reports that he was moved by friends and by the Spirit to write a "spiritual

              gospel."

         The other gospels with their emphasis on Jesus' Messianic ministry had already been

              written.


    The content and stated purpose of the book show that John was concerned to write a

         gospel to a more general audience concerning the deity of Christ so that others might

         learn the truth about who Jesus is and trust Him.



PURPOSE AND THEME


    The purpose statement found in John 20:30-31 clearly defines what John wanted to

         accomplish.


    That purpose is revealed on three levels:


         1)    To demonstrate that Jesus is the Son of God, that is, He is God Himself (5:18)


         2)    That the reader might trust Jesus personally.

                        This trust in the One who is the Son of God would produce the third purpose:


         3)    That the reader might have life.



    In agreement with John's three level purpose, his theme also develops on three levels:


         1)    The central theme of the entire book is that Jesus is God's Son and therefore makes a

                    legitimate claim to be God Himself.


         2)    The same evidence produces two responses, some trust Him while others refuse to

                        trust Him.

                             The reader is thus warned that he too must choose one of these two

                                  alternatives. (1:12; 3:16)


         3)    Those who trust Jesus receive life.

                        John observes Jesus' teachings about life.

                             *    He has come to offer them life.

                             *    The life He offers is a satisfying abundant life.

                             *    It is also a life that does not end at death; it is eternal.






JOHN


That you might believe: Jesus is the Son of God                                                     Ralph Porter

Incarnation 

of the Son 

of God

1:1-18

Presentation 

of the Son 

of God

1:19-4:54

Opposition 

to the Son 

of God

5-12

Instruction 

by the Son 

of God

13-16

Intercession

of the Son

of God

17

Crucifixion

of the Son

of God

18-19

Resurrection

of the Son

of God

20-21

His identifi-

cation as 

God

1:1-3





His func
tion as Light 

and Life

1:4-9





His rela-

tionship to 

those who believe

1:10-13





His revela-

tion of the Father

1:14-18

Witness of 

John the 

Baptist

1:19-34


Witness

of the 

disciples

1:35-51


Witness of 

the wine

at the 

wedding

2:1-11


Witness of 

Jesus

Himself 

concerning

His 

authority

2:12-25


Witness to Nicodemus concerning 

the new 

birth

3:1-21


Witness of 

John the 

Baptist 

repeated

3:22-36


Witness

to the 

Samaritan 

woman 

concerning 

the Water 

of Life

4:1-42


Witness 

through 

healing the 

official's 

son

4:43-54

 

Opposition

over 

healing a paralytic

5


Opposition concerning 

the Bread 

of Life

6



Tension between evidence 

and 

unbelief

7



Attempt to 

trap Him

8:1-11



Rejection 

of His 

words and works

8:12-22



Prediction 

of His 

death

12:23-36



Explanation 

of their 

unbelief

12:37-50

Washing of 

the 

disciples' 

feet

13:1-20



Prediction 

of His 

betrayal

13:21-30



Preparation 

for His 

death

13:31-38


Promise of 

His return

14:1-14



Provision 

of the Holy Spirit

14:15-31



Source for productive 

living

15:1-17



Hatred 

from the 

world

15:18-16:4



Illuminating ministry 

of the 

Holy Spirit

16:5-15



Benefits of 

His death

16:16-33

Prayer for 

His glorification

17:1-5







Prayer for 

His 

followers

17:6-26


  For protec-

  tion for the

  disciples

17:6-19


  For unity

  of all

  believers

17:20-23


  For pre-

  sence of

  all belie-

  vers with

  Him

17:24


  For His

  presence

  in all

  believers

17:25-26

His arrest

18:1-14





His trial

18:15-

19:16


  Before

  the High

  Priest

18:15-27


  Before

  Pilate

18:28-

19:16





His crucifixion

19:17-37





His burial

19:38-42

Discovery 

of the 

resurrection

20:1-10

 







Appearance 

of the 

risen Lord

20:11-31








Commis
sion 

from the 

risen Lord

21:1-24








Epilogue: 

The untold 

part of 

the story

21:25





A LOOK AT THE BOOK

JOHN

THAT YOU MIGHT BELIEVE


Ralph Porter


AUTHOR AND DATE


    External and internal evidence combine in support of John the apostle as author.


    The date is considered by most commentators to have been well after the synoptic

         gospels.


              John left Jerusalem during the revolt against Rome and arrived in Ephesus about A.D.

                   69-70.


              It has been reported that he wrote the gospel while there.


              It was probably written long enough after the destruction of Jerusalem that it was no

                   longer considered a major issue.


              The date is thus assumed to be about A.D. 85-90.




HISTORICAL BACKGROUND


    Little is known about the circumstances leading to the writing of the gospel.


         Clement reports that he was moved by friends and by the Spirit to write a "spiritual

              gospel."


         The other gospels with their emphasis on Jesus' Messianic ministry had already been

              written.


    The content and stated purpose of the book show that John was concerned to write a

         gospel to a more general audience concerning the deity of Christ so that others might

         learn the truth about who Jesus is and trust Him.




PURPOSE AND THEME


    The purpose statement found in John 20:30-31 clearly defines what John wanted to

         accomplish.


    That purpose is revealed on three levels:


         1)    To demonstrate that Jesus is the Son of God, that is, He is God Himself (5:18)


         2)    That the reader might trust Jesus personally.

                        This trust in the One who is the Son of God would produce the third purpose:


         3)    That the reader might have life.



    In agreement with John's three level purpose, his theme also develops on three levels:


         1)    The central theme of the entire book is that Jesus is God's Son and therefore makes

                    a legitimate claim to be God Himself.


         2)    The same evidence produces two responses, some trust Him while others refuse to

                       trust Him.


                             The reader is thus warned that we too must choose one of these two

                            alternatives.   (1:12; 3:16)


         3)    Those who trust Jesus receive life. John observes Jesus' teachings about life.


                         *    He has come to offer us life.

                         *    The life He offers is a satisfying abundant life.

                         *    It is also a life that does not end at death; it is eternal.




ORGANIZATION


    The book is logically organized into seven sections, which center around God's Son:


         1.    His incarnation   1:1-18

                        Jesus is God--made man--He reveals what God is like.


         2.    His presentation to Israel   1:19-4:54

                        "He came unto His own."


         3.    Opposition to Him from within Israel   5-12

                        "His own received Him not."


         4.    His instruction to His followers   13-16

                        "As many as received Him."


         5.    His intercession for His followers   17


         6.    His crucifixion   18-19


         7.    His resurrection  20-21




ARGUMENT



INCARNATION OF THE SON OF GOD   1:1-18


    John begins his description of Jesus by telling us Who He is and what He came to do.


    In essence, he demonstrates that Jesus was God Himself who came to earth in human form

         to reveal to men what God is like.


    Those who trust Him become God's children.



HIS IDENTIFICATION AS GOD   1:1-3   HE WAS GOD


    Jesus is God Himself.


    He was present in the beginning with God and participated in the creation of all things.



HIS FUNCTION AS LIGHT AND LIFE   1:4-9


    As God, He was the source of all life and light.


    In spite of the light He revealed, men were not able to understand.



HIS RELATIONSHIP TO THOSE WHO BELIEVE   1:10-13

    IMPORTANCE OF TRUSTING HIM


    While He was in the world, humanity did not recognize Him.


    Even Israel, God's own people, did not receive Him.


    Nevertheless, those who are willing to trust Him, become God's children.



HIS REVELATION OF THE FATHER   1:14-18   HE REVEALED GOD


    In order that men might know God, this one, who was Himself God, came and lived in the

         presence of men, that we might see what God is like.


    Although no one has been able to see God and live to tell others what He is like, Jesus has

         come to reveal His nature to all men.




PRESENTATION OF THE SON OF GOD   1:19-4:54


    When Jesus came to earth He presented Himself to Israel.


    His words and works demonstrated that He was different from other men.


    They should have taken notice and listened to His message.


    Various evidences combined to witness concerning Him.

         The evidence was sufficient.

         Those who sought the truth were convinced.


    Witnessing--telling others what you've seen:

         1:35-37

         1:40-42

         1:45-46--No theological argument

         4:28-30, 39


    **    When people's hearts were ready to accept Him, it didn't take a lot of theological

                argument to convince them. **

             When people weren't ready to accept Him, no amount of theological argument could

                   persuade them (5:37-42; 5:46-47)



THE WITNESS OF JOHN THE BAPTIST   1:19-34


          John the Baptist testified that He saw convincing evidence from the Holy Spirit that

              Jesus was God's Son.


         He had given evidence of being a man controlled by the Spirit.


    John's function   1:19-28


         He defined his purpose as one of preparation for the Lord's coming.


    John's testimony   1:29-34


         When Jesus came, John declared that God had shown him that Jesus was His Son.


         John was convinced.



THE WITNESS OF THE DISCIPLES   1:35-51


         The disciples also were convinced and testified that Jesus was God's Son.


    Two disciples of John convinced   1:35-42


         Two of John's disciples were convinced and went to tell others about Him.


    Nathanael convinced   1:43-51


         When Philip told Nathanael about Jesus, he was skeptical.


         When Christ reveals that He knows him, Nathanael is convinced.



THE WITNESS OF THE WINE AT THE WEDDING   2:1-11


    An additional proof that Jesus is God is presented at the wedding in Cana. Christ created

        wine out of water.


    The miracle presents various truths concerning Jesus:


         It demonstrates His creative power as God.


         It also shows His ability to satisfy His people and to meet their needs.


         The frequent use of the wedding as a figure for the millennium suggests an additional

              meaning:


                   Christ is able to create blessing out of the empty ceremonial water pots of Israel.


         This may serve as a preliminary announcement that Jesus came to establish the

              kingdom and to bring the promised blessings to His people.



THE WITNESS OF JESUS HIMSELF CONCERNING HIS AUTHORITY   2:12-25


         Jesus went to the temple where He demonstrated His claim to authority by cleansing it.


    The cleansing of the temple   2:12-17


         Jesus identified Himself with God by calling it His Father's house.


    The sign of His authority   2:18-22   The resurrection promised


         When challenged for proof of His authority, Jesus responded by predicting the ultimate

              proof of His victory over them, the resurrection.


         They understood Him to be claiming to be able to reconstruct the Jerusalem temple.


         Jesus was referring back to the original purpose of the temple, to provide a place where

              God might reveal Himself to men.


         This function no longer resided in the temple; it was empty.


         The function which once belonged to the temple resided in His person.


         He would rise from the dead.


    The confirmatory signs   2:23-25


         He confirmed this claim by many miraculous signs.


         The people, convinced by the signs, were following Him, though Jesus recognized the

              fickleness of such a group of followers.



THE WITNESS TO NICODEMUS CONCERNING THE NEW BIRTH   3:1-21


    Nicodemus is convinced by the evidence that Jesus has come from God.


    When he comes to Him, Jesus exposes his real need.


    Recognition of His divine origin is not enough; he must be born again.


    Since Nicodemus does not understand the message, Jesus explains that what he needs is a

         new birth.


    To enter the kingdom one must be born both physically and spiritually.


    Spiritual birth is a supernatural act of God's Spirit in the lives of those who trust His Son.


    Men reject Him because they prefer darkness to light. They don't want to come to Him for

         life.



THE WITNESS OF JOHN THE BAPTIST REPEATED   3:22-36


    John's critics try to upset him with the report that Jesus has a bigger following than he

         does.


    John replies that God had planned it that way.

         Jesus should have a bigger following for He is the more important One.


    John's ministry was to prepare the way for Jesus.

         Now that He has come, John is glad.


    John concludes with the testimony that Jesus is God's Son and those who believe in Him

         will have eternal life.



THE WITNESS TO A SAMARITAN WOMAN

    CONCERNING THE WATER OF LIFE   4:1-42


         Jesus' message was not limited to the religious leaders who trusted in Him.


         He would also satisfy the worst sinners if they would come to Him.


         The sinful Samaritan woman demonstrates how He could meet the sinner's needs also.


         As He deals with her, Jesus presents Himself as the water of life who could satisfy her

              thirst.


    Growth of Jesus' disciples   4:1-3


    Conversation with the Samaritan woman   4:4-27


         Discussion concerning the living water   4:4-15


              She recognized her thirst.


         Confrontation concerning her need   4:16-18


              She recognized her need.


         Question concerning the place for worship   4:19-24


         Identification of Jesus as Messiah   4:25-27


    Testimony of the woman to the city   4:28-30


    Explanation of Jesus' action   4:31-38


    Testimony of many Samaritans   4:39-42



THE WITNESS THROUGH HEALING THE OFFICIAL'S SON   4:43-54


    Further testimony that Jesus was God's Son was revealed by the healing of the nobleman's

         son.


    The nobleman trusted Christ enough to leave Him and to return home because of His

         word.


    When He saw that His son was healed, he believed in Him and the rest of his family also

         trusted in Christ


    The account demonstrates that the blessings of Messiah's reign are not prerogatives of

         Israel to be bestowed on the curious or on the powerful.


    Only those who trust Him will receive the blessings which He came to give to His people.




OPPOSITION TO THE SON OF GOD   5-12


    As the record of Jesus' words and deeds continues, He still demonstrates that He is God's

         Son.


    However, instead of accepting the evidence and receiving Him, Israel rejects the evidence

         and the opposition begins to develop.


    In spite of the evidence, the opposition develops.


    4 principles seen throughout this section:


        1.    In spite of abundant evidence, they reject Him.

 

                    There was no lack of evidence. Evidence wasn't the problem.

                             Healing 5 => 7:21-24

                             Bread 6:1-15

                             Water 6:16-20

                        7:31


                    They didn't believe because they didn't want to believe.


        2.    In the midst of rejection, those who trust Him find life.


                        5:24 6:35 6:40 6:47-48 7:37-38


        3.    Those who wanted to know God's will recognized the truth.

                        6:45 7:17 8:42 8:47 10:25-27


                    The key to understanding the conflict is stated by Christ Himself (7:17).

                        Those who want to obey God will find the truth concerning Him because God

                             will reveal it to them.

                        The problem of their unbelief has arisen because they don't want to know the

                             truth.


                        Their unbelief is not based on the lack of evidence concerning Him.

                        They rejected Him because they did not want to trust Him.


                             12:37-43


                        The rejection was really a symptom of their rejection of God Himself, whom they

                             claim to worship.


                             12:44-50


        4.    The conflict between judging by the world's standards and listening to the

                    Father's voice.


                        8:14-19, 25-29

                        6:26-27 30-31 32-33


                   The world seeks to satisfy the belly

                   The Spirit satisfies the hunger of the heart.


                        8:15, 31-32 36 37-38 40-41


                   Human standards--produce slavery, rejection, lead to murder

                God's standards--give freedom and life


                   Human standards will never bring you to God's truth, nor give you His liberty!



OPPOSITION OVER HEALING OF A PARALYTIC   5:1-47


         Jesus demonstrates His power over disease by curing the paralytic beside the pool of

              Bethesda (1-15).


         Rather than provoke faith in Him, the incident produces a negative reaction because the

              healing was performed on the Sabbath (16-18).


         Jesus' response angers the Jews for two reasons.

              They were angry because He healed on the Sabbath.

              They were even more angry because by His answer they understood Him to be

                   claiming equality with God.


         In the light of the evidence, Jesus asks why they still refuse to trust Him.

              The answer is clear.

              They reject Him because they are not following the God who sent Him. (5:39-47)


    Confirmation of Jesus' authority   5:1-15


    Reaction by the Jews   5:16-18


    Discourse concerning Jesus' equality with God   5:19-47


         Imitation of the Father's works   5:19-30


         Witnesses to His claims   5:31-47



OPPOSITION CONCERNING THE BREAD OF LIFE   6:1-71


         Another confirmation of Jesus' claim to be God is given to the people when He provides

              their needs by multiplying five loaves and two fish to feed five thousand people.


         This miracle leads to the discourse concerning the bread of life which stirs additional

              opposition.


     Feeding of the five thousand   6:1-15


         Jesus attracted a crowd because of His miracles but not because of His Person.


         When Jesus saw the crowd coming and knew that they would need to eat, He created

              additional food and filled their need.


         He demonstrated thereby His ability to meet the needs of His people.


         The excess food demonstrates the abundance of the provision made but may indicate

              His ability to supply much more than they asked.


         It may also demonstrate that by asking for signs they were not asking for enough.


              His presence was far more significant than that.


         When they wanted to proclaim Him King, He withdrew because that was not God's

              plan.


    Walking on the water   6:16-21


         An additional confirmation of Jesus' Person is found in His ability to walk on the water.


         In this incident Jesus demonstrates His control over the elements and the forces of

              nature.


         He also teaches the disciples His awareness of their needs and His presence and ability

              to deliver them from the storms they may face.


         This message is especially important in the midst of the rejection that is developing.


    Discourse on the bread of life   6:22-40


         The next day the same people Jesus fed are present again.


              The miracle of the previous day is still on their mind.


              Jesus refers back to the incident by directing their attention to an even greater need.


         More important than the physical bread they have come back for is the spiritual

              provision God wants to give them in Jesus, the bread of life.


                   In Him they will find the provision they need for eternal life.


    Reactions of the listeners   6:41-71


         Jews   6:41-59


              The Jews react negatively to His claim to be the bread of life.


              They complain about His claim to be from heaven because they know His family.

                   Jesus responds that this is an obstacle to them because they don't want to obey God.

                   If they will seek to hear His voice, He will solve their problem concerning Him

                        (41-47).


              An additional reaction comes when Jesus indicates that they must partake of His flesh

                   to have life (48-59).

                        They have taken a literal view of Jesus' words and let that become an obstacle to

                             faith.

                        If they will trust Him, they will learn that life comes from identification with Him

                             in His death.


              Eternal life is in the Son.

                   To have life they must have Him.


         Offended disciples   6:60-66


              Jesus' words were troublesome to many of His followers.

                   Jesus confronted the offended disciples, warning them of the danger of unbelief

                        even among them.

                   Many of the offended disciples left.


         The twelve   6:67-71


              In the light of the departure of the other disciples, Jesus confronted the twelve also.

                   They were firm in their commitment to Him.

                   Even then Jesus knew about one of them who would eventually betray Him and

                        warned them.



TENSION BETWEEN EVIDENCE AND UNBELIEF   7:1-53


    Unbelief of Jesus' brothers   7:1-9


         Jesus' earthly brothers still did not trust Him.

              They did not understand Him nor God's plan for Him.

              They press Him to go to the feast in Jerusalem to present Himself publicly.

              He refuses because His time to present Himself publicly has not yet come.


    Tension among the people   7:10-44


         When Jesus later went to the feast secretly, there was considerable discussion

              concerning Him.


         Fear of the Jews kept them from talking publicly about Him but many were talking

              about Him among themselves.   7:45


                   Some believed He was a good man because of His words and works.   7:12a


                   Others felt He must be bad because He was deceiving the people and because they

                        knew where He was from.   7:12b-13


         When He claims to have been sent by God, they seek to seize Him.

              So the tension continues.

              Some wonder whether He is indeed the Christ, while the leaders deny it and try to

                   arrest Him.


    Rejection by the Pharisees   7:45-52


         In spite of all the evidence, the leaders have made up their minds.

              They want to stop Him.


    The key to understanding the conflict is stated by Christ Himself (7:17).


         Those who want to obey God will find the truth concerning Him because God will

              reveal it to them.


         The problem of their unbelief has arisen because they don't want to know the truth.



ATTEMPT TO TRAP HIM   8:1-11


    In an attempt to trap Jesus, the leaders bring in a woman caught in the act of adultery.


    Their unjust principles are revealed by their failure to bring the man who was also subject

         to stoning.


              They ask Him whether she should be stoned.


              He commissions those who have not sinned, probably referring to the same sin, to

                   throw the first stone.


    When all the accusers leave, Jesus dismisses the woman, urging her to leave her sinful

         lifestyle.



REJECTION OF HIS WORDS AND WORKS   8:12-12:19


         Following these introductory manifestations of opposition, Jesus continues to

              demonstrate that He is God by His words and works.


         A series of His messages and miracles is described each of which meets opposition from

              Israel.


    Discourse concerning the light of the world   8:12-30


         The first account recorded in the series is Jesus' message in which He presents Himself

              as the light of the world.


         This message contains several separate parts.


              First Jesus claims to be the light of the world who delivers people from walking in

                   darkness (8:12).


              When the Pharisees challenge Him for bearing witness to Himself, Jesus responds

                   that He is best qualified because He knows where He has come from while they

                   don't (8:13-14).


              His witness is best because it is not based on human standards but on God's

                   standards.


                    God Himself confirms the witness which Jesus gives to those who really want to

                        know the truth (8:15-18).


              When they question Him concerning where He has come from, He declares that they

                   have not known His Father (8:19-20).


                        In spite of His attack on them, they are not able to harm Him.


              In an additional segment of the message Jesus informs them that He is going to leave

                   them and go to a place where they will not be able to go (8:21-30).


                        He clarifies that the place is not in this world but above.


                        Unless they trust Him, they will die in their sins and never be able to go where

                             He is.


              This message causes the hearers to ask who He is.


                   In response to their question, Jesus again indicates that He is the Son of God, the

                        One who will later be their Judge.


                   While many do not understand His message, many others trust Him.


    Debate concerning the children of Abraham   8:31-59


         Jesus then turns to instruct those who have followed Him.


              He promises them knowledge of the truth that will set them free.


         This discussion provokes the debate concerning Abraham's children that leads to

              another rejection of Him and His message.


                   Claiming to be Abraham's children, they respond that they have never been slaves

                        to anyone.


                   Jesus clarifies that He was referring to the bondage to sin (8:31-38).


         He then challenges their claim to be the children of Abraham (8:39-59).


              If they were Abraham's children, they would accept Him as Abraham did.


              They reject Him because they are the children of Satan, no t of Abraham.


         When Christ makes a claim to eternality, which presupposes His deity, the people tried

              to stone Him.


    Healing of a man born blind   9:1-41


         Miracle performed   9:1-12


         Miracle investigated   9:13-33

 

         Miracle rejected   9:34-41


    Discourse concerning the good shepherd   10:1-30


    Debate concerning claim to be God   10:31-42


    Resurrection of Lazarus   11:1-44


              The final sign recorded in the book should have been a conclusive proof that Jesus

                   was God's Son.


                        He was able to raise Lazarus from the dead.


              The conclusive sign becomes the cause to try to kill Lazarus and destroy the

                   evidence.


                        11:45-46 11:48 12:9-11 12:37-40, 43


            His words and works combine to testify that in Him is life.


                   Those who believe in Him will never die.


         Delay and explanation   11:1-16


         Encouragement of the sisters   11:17-37


        Resurrection of Lazarus   11:38-44


    Plot to kill Him   11:45-57


         The sign which should have been conclusive to show the religious leaders of Israel that

              Jesus was Messiah and they should listen to Him, became the basis for the decision

              that they must do something now.


         If they leave him alone everyone will trust Him.


              The longer they wait, the greater the threat becomes.


         Therefore, they make plans to eliminate Him.


         Jesus withdrew because the time had not yet come.


              Even in His death, Jesus controlled the timing.


    Preparation for death   12:1-22


              As the hour for His death drew near, Jesus began to prepare for the final climactic

                   events.


         Anointing for death   12:1-11


              In Bethany, Mary anointed Jesus' feet with very expensive perfume.


              In contrast to Mary's act of worship, Judas complained about the wasted money.


              Jesus defended her, since she was motivated by love to prepare for His burial.


              Another contrast is presented by the Jews who planned to kill Lazarus also, since

                   people were trusting Christ because of Him (12:9-11).


         Triumphal entry   12:12-16


              The next day Jesus entered Jerusalem, officially presenting Himself as Messiah

                   (12:12-19).


         Mixed reaction   12:17-22


              The people   12:17-18


                   The people praised God and rejoiced.


              The Pharisees 12:19


                   The popular response frightened the Pharisees even more.


                        They had to do something!


              Some Greeks   12:20-22


                   In contrast to the Jewish rejection of Jesus, some Greeks came looking for Him.



PREDICTION OF HIS DEATH   12:23-36


    Of course, the leaders' plot to kill Him was no surprise to Jesus.


         He predicted it in advance to His followers so that they would not be surprised nor

              defeated by it.


    Rather than seek to escape this hour, Jesus had come to fulfill it and was willing to die.


    Jesus' prayer was that God would be glorified through it.


         God confirmed the disciples' faith by answering that He had been and would be

              glorified through Jesus.


    Jesus concludes with a final warning to the crowd to trust Him while He is still present

         with them.



EXPLANATION OF THEIR UNBELIEF   12:37-50


    John concludes the discussion of Jesus' rejection by the Jews with an explanation of their

         unbelief.


    Their unbelief was not based on the lack of evidence concerning Him.


         They rejected Him because they did not want to trust Him.


    The rejection was really a symptom of their rejection of God Himself, whom they claimed

         to worship.


    Those who truly sought God recognized the demonstration of God's power and accepted

         Him.


              Even some of the leaders believed, but the pressure from the Pharisees prevented

                   them from declaring their faith.


              They were more concerned about what the others would say than they were about

                   demonstrating their convictions.




INSTRUCTION BY THE SON OF GOD   13-16


    After Jesus completed these final comments concerning His rejection, He turned from His

         public ministry to give His attention to His disciples.


    In the upper room the night before His death, He instructs them in preparation for their

         ministry after His departure.


WASHING OF THE DISCIPLES' FEET   13:1-20


    Jesus washes the disciples' feet to give them an example of the need to serve one another.


    At the same time He uses it to instruct them concerning the need to be cleansed on a

         day-to-day basis.


    Those who truly follow Jesus will lay aside their own rights and serve one another.


         13:1-17



PREDICTION OF HIS BETRAYAL   13:21-30


    In order that they might not be disillusioned but might trust Him, Jesus predicts several

         major events related to His death.


    As a demonstration of His omniscience and as a warning to Judas, He announces His

         betrayal.


    Though the disciples attempted to discover who would betray Jesus, no one suspected

         that Judas would be the one.



PREPARATION FOR HIS DEATH   13:31-38


    After Judas left, the Lord announced that the time had come for Him to glorify the Father

         (31-33).


              This would be accomplished by His death.


    He was going to leave them but they should continue to evidence their relationship to

         Him by their love for one another (34-35).


    The final prediction related to Jesus' death is Peter's denial (36-38).


          In spite of Peter's declaration of willingness to die for the Lord, Jesus predicts that he

              will deny Him.



PROMISE OF HIS RETURN   14:1-14


    After Jesus completes the instructions for His disciples and the predictions related to His

         death, Jesus teaches them concerning what to expect in the future.


              First He promises that He will come again to take them to be with Him.


              While He is gone, He will prepare a place for them also (1-4).


                   If they trust Him they will eventually join Him there (5-7).


                   Jesus explains that He is the only way to the Father because He is one with the

                        Father (8-11).


                   When someone comes to Him, they are, in fact, going to the Father.


                   In a similar way, those who trust Jesus are in Him.


                        They will be able to do greater works than He has done because He is going to

                             the Father (12-14).


                        The great works done in His name will bring glory to Him and to the Father.

            

PROVISION OF THE HOLY SPIRIT   14:15-31


    Besides the promise of His return, Jesus also promises that He will send them another

         Person to encourage, to counsel and to comfort them.


    He has been present with them previously but now the Holy Spirit will actually reside

         within them.


    He will teach them everything they need to know and He will bring them peace in the

         midst of difficulty.



SOURCE FOR PRODUCTIVE LIVING   15:1-17


    The way to produce permanent, valuable fruit is to abide in Christ--to draw from Him that

         which sustains life.


    Productive living is the result of total dependence on Him.


    Their lives will not produce fruit if they try to live in their own strength.


          They must learn to draw from Him that which will sustain life.


          When they depend on Him they will have productive lives.


          Such a life will produce genuine joy.



HATRED FROM THE WORLD   15:18-16:4


    Jesus gives them a warning concerning the future.


         If they live in accordance with His previous teaching, they will not be popular among

              their contemporaries.


         The world hates Christ.


         If they belong to Him and live according to His standards, the world will hate them

              also.


         Therefore, they should expect persecution in the world.



ILLUMINATING MINISTRY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT   16:5-15


    Although His predicted departure has caused sadness among His followers, Jesus wants

         them to realize that they are going to be better off because He has gone to the Father.


                   When He leaves them, the Holy Spirit will come to them.


                        He will cause men to see clearly what the real issues are concerning sin,

                             righteousness, and judgment.


                        He will also teach God's children the truth and glorify Jesus. Therefore, they

                             should be glad He is going.



BENEFITS OF HIS DEATH   16:16-33


    Besides the coming of the Spirit, they will experience other benefits from His death.


         They will be able to look forward with eager anticipation to His return in triumph

              (16:16-22).


         They will be able to pray in confidence directly to God and He will grant their requests

              (16:23-28).




INTERCESSION OF THE SON OF GOD   17



PRAYER FOR HIS GLORIFICATION   17:1-5



PRAYER FOR HIS FOLLOWERS   17:6-26


    For protection for the disciples   17:6-19


    For unity of all believers   17:20-23


    For presence of all believers with Him   17:24


    For His presence in all believers   17:25-26




CRUCIFIXION OF THE SON OF GOD 18-19



HIS ARREST   18:1-14



HIS TRIAL   18:15-19:16


    Before the high priest   18:15-27


         First denial by Peter   18:15-18

         Interrogation by the high priest   18:19-24

         Second and third denial by Peter   18:25-27


    Before Pilate   18:28-19:16


         Private hearing   18:28-40

         Public presentation and sentencing   19:1-16



HIS CRUCIFIXION   19:17-37



HIS BURIAL   19:38-42




RESURRECTION OF THE SON OF GOD   20-21



DISCOVERY OF THE RESURRECTION   20:1-10



APPEARANCE OF THE RISEN LORD   20:11-31


    To Mary Magdalene   20:11-18


    To ten disciples   20:19-23


    To Thomas and the others   20:24-31


         His doubt   20:24-25

         His faith   20:26-28

         Our faith   20:29-31



COMMISSION FROM THE RISEN LORD   21:1-24


    Appearance to the disciples by the sea   21:1-14


    Commission for Peter   21:15-24


         Call to feed His sheep   21:15-17

         Prediction of death   21:18-19

         Question concerning   John 21:20-24



EPILOGUE: THE UNTOLD PART OF THE STORY   21:25